1 、 decomposition of transformer oil under the action of electromagnetic field

一般情况下，110kV及以下电网中的变压器所用的变压器油都是25号变压器油，属于石蜡基油。石蜡基油中烷烃比例较大，烷烃类油化学性质比较稳定，抗氧化性能好，但是耐热性能较差，尤其在电场作用下容易发生脱氢反应。

In general, transformers used in transformers in 110kV and below are transformers 25, which belong to paraffinic base oils. Paraffin based oil has a large proportion of alkanes. The chemical properties of alkane oils are relatively stable, and their oxidation resistance is good, but their heat resistance is poor. Especially, the dehydrogenation reaction is easy to occur under the electric field.

2、水分对变压器油的影响

2. Influence of moisture on transformer oil

通常变压器油中的水分主要是由于变压器受潮产生水引起的。因为水分子为强极性，在电场作用下水分子汽化而生成气泡，气泡的介电常数小于油的介电常数，此时气泡承受的电场强度更高，引起电晕放电，致使气体水分子首先被电离生成氢气和氧气。

In general, the moisture in transformer oil is mainly caused by water generated by the damp of the transformer. Because the water molecules are strongly polar, water molecules in the electric field and the vaporization bubble bubble, the dielectric constant is less than that of oil dielectric constant, the electric field intensity of the bubble under higher, caused by corona discharge, the gas is first ionized water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen.

3、金属促进变压器油脱氢反应

3, metal to promote the dehydrogenation of transformer oil

由于变压器中使用了一部分不锈钢材料，在变压器油逐渐氧化过程中，不锈钢材料中的镍分子会促进变压器油产生脱氢反应。在这个过程中，铁、铜等金属能够加强油的氧化反应作用。由于它们具有可变的原子价，促使过氧化物分解，起着氧化反应催化剂的作用，同时产生大量的氢气。

Because a part of stainless steel is used in the transformer, the nickel molecule in the stainless steel will promote the dehydrogenation of the transformer oil when the transformer oil is gradually oxidized. In this process, iron, copper and other metals can strengthen the oxidation of oil. Because they have variable valence, they promote the decomposition of peroxides, acting as catalysts for oxidation, and producing large amounts of hydrogen simultaneously.

4、 变压器油的析气性

4. Gassing property of transformer oil

变压器油析气性是指变压器油在电场和电离的作用下会产生放气或吸气的现象。油品析气现象的产生，是因为溶解于油中的气泡，在高电场强度的作用下，发生游离而形成高能量的电子或离子。这些高能量粒子对油分子产生剧烈碰撞使油分子的C-H或部分C-C链断裂，产生活泼氢及活性烃基基团，通过活泼氢对烃分子的作用，产生吸气或放气现象。       5、绝缘材料中吸附的氢气释放

The gassing property of transformer oil is the phenomenon that the transformer oil will release or absorb air under the influence of electric field and ionization. The phenomenon of gas evolution in oil products is due to the bubbles dissolved in oil, which can be dissociated into high energy electrons or ions under the influence of high electric field intensity. These high energy particles produce violent collision of oil molecules or C-H C-C strand breaks the oil molecules, produce active hydrogen and alkyl groups through the activity, effect of active hydrogen to hydrocarbon molecules, to generate suction or discharge phenomenon. 5. Release of hydrogen adsorbed in insulating material

在变压器干燥、浸渍、高电压试验等热和电的作用下，绝缘材料分解产生氢气、烃类气体。经过一段时间后，纸中所吸附的气体逐渐释放出来，所以油中溶解的气体，尤其是氢气含量明显升高。

In the transformer drying, impregnation, high voltage test, such as heat and electricity, the insulating material decomposes to produce hydrogen, hydrocarbon gas. After a period of time, the gas adsorbed in the paper is gradually released, so the dissolved gas, especially the hydrogen content in the oil, is obviously increased.